Papers
Bottom-Up Policy Models as They Apply to British Nationalisation Cycles
This paper argues that a bottom-up model of policy making most fittingly explains cycles underlaying nationalisation and privatisation of industries in Great Britain. The model is defended by examining consensus in public opinion before changes are made and then addressing the argument that the bottom-up policy model cannot accurately predict policy actions because nationalisation policy changes did not follow every economic downturn since World War II.
To explain the lack of policy change after notable shocks, such as the unemployment caused by contractionary monetary policies under Thatcher, a model of opinion divergence between the middle and working class is built and supported with data from the British Election Study.
It is concluded that the bottom-up model of policy does apply to nationalisation cycles in Great Britain; however, sufficient consensus between the middle and working class is necessary to initiate a policy change.
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The Effect of Income on Economically Related Bill Sponsorship
In a time of economic turmoil for both the middle and working classes, it can be assumed that the issue of economic progress would be of great saliency to legislators and voters. 2008 saw one of the most challenging years for the global financial industry. These challenges continue into 2009 and the term of the 111th United States Congress.
This paper examines if there is a relationship between the economic condition of a representative’s district and economic legislation activity of its representative. This is done by estimating the effect of a district’s average constituent income on the number of bills the representative sponsors that are aimed to: stimulate the local economy, restructure government spending and taxation, make infrastructure improvements, protect American industry, improve the financial industry, maximize employment, or improve healthcare access. No effect of income on the number of economically related bills sponsored is found. It is concluded that both high-income and low-income districts are equally likely to have a representative that sponsors economically related bills.
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